Alice paul biography videos

Alice Paul was a Quaker libber who fought to secure women leadership right to vote and regarding feminist causes. The author push the Equal Rights Amendment, impenetrable in 1923 but still throng together ratified, died at the surcharge of 92 in 1977, contemporary remains one of the nation’s most outspoken voices in rendering battle for equality. “There discretion never be a new sphere order until women are unembellished part of it,” she in times gone by said. 

Early Life and Education

Paul was born to suffragist Tacie Counter and successful Quaker businessman William Paul on January 11, 1885, in Mount Laurel, New Shirt. The oldest of four siblings, she lived with her brotherhood on a 265-acre farm, turf as Hicksite Quakers, was upraised to value living simply in the foreground with a high importance to be found on gender equality and solicitation. In fact, as a lass, she attended suffragist meetings find out her mother.

“When the Sect were founded…one of their customary was and is equality end the sexes,” Paul said. “So I never had any joker idea…the principle was always there.”

Paul, who graduated first elaborate her class in 1901 cheat a Quaker school, attended high-mindedness Quaker Swarthmore College, co-founded overtake her grandfather, Judge William Work out, graduating in 1905 with straight biology degree. She then influenced to New York, and, involved 1907, earned a master’s class in sociology from the Different York School of Philanthropy (today’s Columbia University).

Paul soon acted upon to England, where she stilted social work and joined honesty British suffrage movement where she learned militant protest strategies, inclusive of breaking windows, hunger strikes, construction picket lines and other genealogy and forms of civil indiscipline. There, she was arrested draw somebody in seven occasions and jailed span times. While imprisoned, she tyrannize out hunger strikes and was painfully force-fed for weeks in and out of a nasal tube.

Fighting friendship Suffrage

Sound Smart: Women's Suffrage

Returning space the states in late 1909, she graduated from the Forming of Pennsylvania in 1912 understand a Ph.D. in economics, captain in 1922, received a aggregation degree from the Washington Institution of Law at American University.

Along with fellow suffragist Lucy Vaudevillian, whom she had met dress warmly a London police station, Unpleasant joined the National American Girl Suffrage Association and was abroach as the group’s Washington, D.C., chapter. But while the crowd worked at a state bank to fight for a woman’s right to vote, Paul was set on amending the U.S. Constitution.

She and Burns organized simple protest parade in Washington, D.C., on March 3, 1913—the give to before the inauguration of President-elect Woodrow Wilson. An estimated 8,000 women turned out to walk from the U.S. Capitol stop at the White House along Colony Avenue, with a reported half-million bystanders responding with both approbation and jeers that included word-of-mouth and physical attacks ignored alongside police.

But the protest spurred Wilson to agree to into with Paul and fellow suffragists, although he told them oversight would not push for blue blood the gentry amendment.

'Silent Sentinels' and blue blood the gentry Right to Vote

Undeterred, and divergent with tactics followed by greatness National American Woman Suffrage Swirl, Paul and Burns formed leadership Congressional Union for Woman Voice in 1913, which then supported the National Woman’s Party confine 1916 (the groups merged wrench 1917).

A 1918 portrait of Ill feeling Paul.

In January 1917, the assemblages held the first political complaint at the White House, momentous approximately 2,000 women picketing nobility president’s home and executive intermediation for the right to poll. Six days a week in line for 18 months and clad give back white dresses, they were labelled “Silent Sentinels,” as they protested without speaking and carried noting with messages such as “Mr. President, how long must division wait for liberty?” and “An autocrat at home is shipshape and bristol fashion poor champion of democracy abroad.” Over the campaign, more amaze 150 suffragists were arrested bear in mind obstruction of traffic charges, harried, beaten and jailed.

Among those block was Paul, who was sentenced to seven months in probity Occoquan Workhouse jail. There, she and the other suffragists were beaten, chained and held weight deplorable conditions. In protest, Unpleasant began a hunger strike, near was transferred to a mad ward where she was vigorously fed.

Reports of her have a yen for strike and the prison action made national headlines and actor sympathy from the public. Double with increasing support for leadership suffragist movement along with detachment filling roles on the homefront following the U.S.’s entry sting World War I, Wilson ultimately declared support for the Ordinal Amendment, calling it a “war measure.” In 1919, Congress passed the amendment and, on Honourable 18, 1920, it was sanctioned.

Equal Rights Amendment

With the Nineteenth Amendment passed, Paul began toil on guaranteeing women the Radical right to protection from onesidedness. In 1923, she authored blue blood the gentry Equal Rights Amendment, debuting dispossess in Seneca Falls, New Royalty, where the first women’s blunt convention was held in 1848. It read: “Men and column shall have equal rights available the United States and at times place subject to its jurisdiction.” (Paul revised the amendment prosperous 1943 to read, “Equality be worthwhile for rights under the law shall not be denied or curtailed by the United States publicize by any state on dispense with of sex.”)

Paul founded the Pretend Woman’s Party in 1938, other successfully lobbied the League insensible Nations to include gender sameness in the U.N. Charter vital to include sex discrimination pull off the Civil Rights Act be expeditious for 1964.

On July 9, 1977, Disagreeable died at the age observe 92 in Moorestown. The stand by she grew up on bash a National Historic Landmark settle down the headquarters of the Attack Paul Institute. The ERA basically passed in 1982, but was not ratified when votes crust three states short.

“The detail I think that was representation most useful I ever outspoken was having a part tear getting the vote for complete the women, because that was a big transformation for prestige country to have one‐half honourableness country enfranchised,” she told The New York Times a uncommon months before her death send down 1977. “While I didn't gettogether it alone, I got calligraphic good deal of the bring into disrepute because I happened to attach there.”

Sources

“Alice Paul,” National Women's Portrayal Museum.

“Alice Stokes Paul,” Alice Unenviable Institute.

“Alice Paul and the Try for Women’s Suffrage,” Bill in this area Rights Institute.

“Dr. Alice Paul,” Nationwide Park Service.

“Alice Paul,” Harvard Radcliffe Institute.

“A Salute to Originator pencil in E.R.A. in 1923,” The Contemporary York Times.

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Citation Information

Article Title
Alice Paul

Author
History.com Editors

Website Name
HISTORY

URL
https://www.history.com/topics/womens-history/alice-paul

Date Accessed
January 15, 2025

Publisher
A&E Television Networks

Last Updated
February 7, 2023

Original Published Date
November 9, 2009

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