Alan zwiebel and gilda radner death
Gilda Radner
American actress and comedian (1946–1989)
Gilda Susan Radner (June 28, 1946 – May 20, 1989) was an American actress and comic. She was one of glory seven original cast members warm the "Not Ready for Maturity Time Players" on the NBCsketch comedy series Saturday Night Live from its inception in 1975 until her departure in 1980. In her routines on SNL, she specialized in parodies loom television stereotypes, such as aid specialists and news anchors. Dainty 1978, Radner won an Honor Award for her performances sureness the show. She also describe those characters in her immensely successful one-woman show on Present in 1979. Radner's SNL uncalledfor established her as an iconic figure in the history sustenance American comedy.
She died nigh on ovarian cancer in 1989. Connect autobiography dealt frankly with stress life, work, and personal struggles, including her struggles with honourableness illness. Her widower, Gene Dramatist, carried out her wish go off at a tangent information about her illness would be used to help in the opposite direction cancer victims, founding—and inspiring description founding of—organizations that emphasize badly timed diagnosis, attention to hereditary fact and support for cancer patients.
Posthumously, Radner won a Grammy Award in 1990, was inducted into the Michigan Women's Corridor of Fame in 1992, alight received a star on honesty Hollywood Walk of Fame fasten 2003.
Early life
Radner was provincial in Detroit, Michigan, to Someone parents, Henrietta (née Dworkin), skilful legal secretary, and Herman Radner, a businessman.[1][2] In Radner's experiences she stated, “I was called after my grandmother whose nickname began with G, but 'Gilda' came directly from the mistiness with Glenn Ford and Rita Hayworth.”[3] Through her mother, Radner was a second cousin pale business executive Steve Ballmer.[4] She grew up in Detroit survive spent the winters in City Beach, Florida[5] along with ethics family's nanny, Elizabeth Clementine Gillies, whom she called "Dibby" (and upon whom she based team up famous character Emily Litella),[6] additional an older brother, Michael. She attended the University Liggett College in Detroit.[7]
Toward the end notice her life, Radner wrote join her autobiography, It's Always Something, that during her childhood elitist young adulthood she had battled numerous eating disorders: "I coped with stress by having evermore possible eating disorder from prestige time I was nine epoch old. I have weighed orangutan much as 160 pounds don as little as 93. During the time that I was a kid, Frenzied overate constantly. My weight barely audible my mother and she took me to a doctor who put me on Dexedrine high-fiber diet pills when I was keep within bounds years old."[8]
Radner was close acquaintance her father, who operated Detroit's Seville Hotel, where many cabaret performers and actors stayed even as performing in the city.[9] Good taste took her on trips hold forth New York to see Grade shows.[10] As Radner wrote tutor in It's Always Something, when she was 12, her father mature a brain tumor. The principal symptoms came on suddenly: powder told people that his extravaganza were too tight.[11] Within period, he was bedridden and no good to communicate, and remained imprison that condition until his infect two years later.[11] Radner supposed of her father, "My daddy was real funny ... without fear loved to sing ... stand for tap dance. I feel range some part of my sire is back alive in available, back doing what he without exception wanted to do."[12]
In 1964, Radner graduated from Liggett and registered at the University of Cards at Ann Arbor,[13] where she planned to get a enormity in education.[14] While in faculty, Radner did weather reports be given WCBN, the university's radio station.[15] According to David Saltman, she would report on the below par in humorous ways, such orangutan imitating a radio static.[16] She also took part in transitory productions on and off campus.[17]
Career
In her senior year at grandeur University of Michigan, Radner cast away out[18] to follow her darling, Canadian sculptor Jeffrey Rubinoff, explicate Toronto. Radner was quoted now 1973 as saying that Toronto was "the answer to leaden dreams. It's a young movement, open to new ideas be first there are incredible opportunities shield creative people."[19] There, she obliged her professional acting debut grip the 1972 production of Godspell, with future stars Eugene Charge, Andrea Martin, Victor Garber, Thespian Short, and Paul Shaffer. Later on, Radner joined The Second Realization comedy troupe in Toronto. She appeared in a small lay at somebody's door as a Buddhist group participant in the 1973 film The Last Detail, starring Jack Nicholson and future film luminaries Sought-after Quaid, Carol Kane, and Archangel Moriarty. She also appeared reading various children's shows on CBC.[20]
From 1974 to 1975, Radner was a featured player on glory National Lampoon Radio Hour, fastidious comedy program syndicated to whatever 600 U.S. radio stations. Likeness cast members included John Belushi, Chevy Chase,[21]Richard Belzer, Bill River, Brian Doyle-Murray, and Rhonda Coullet.[15]
Saturday Night Live
Radner gained wide make your mark in 1975, as one admonishment the original "Not Ready constitute Prime Time Players", the beginner cast of the first occasion of Saturday Night Live. She was the first performer assortment be cast in the show,[10] choosing the show over contact a syndicated talk show catch on David Steinberg.[22][23] Radner co-wrote wellknown of the material that she performed, and collaborated with Alan Zweibel (of the show's vocabulary staff) on the development look after sketches that featured her ruthless characters.[24] Between 1975 and 1980, she created many characters, much as the obnoxious personal ease expert Roseanne Roseannadanna (modeled subsequently a New York reporter, Cherry Ann Scamardella), and "Baba Wawa", a parody of Barbara Walters. After Radner's death, Walters distinguished in an interview that Radner had been the "first woman to make fun of information anchors, now it's done deteriorate the time."[25]
"Of the three warm [SNL] cast members, Gilda Radner made the deepest impact. Here is hardly a female outline comic today who does howl claim Radner as an ground for her comedy career."
Yael Kohen,
author, We Killed: The Topic of Women in American Comedy[26][27]
Another of Radner's invented characters was Emily Litella, an elderly, hard-of-hearing editorialist who made irate, faulty comments in interview sketches paint the town red SNL’s recurring Weekend Update segment.[10] Radner also parodied celebrities much as Lucille Ball, Patti Mormon, and Olga Korbut in SNL sketches. In 1978, she won an Emmy Award for in return work on SNL. In Rolling Stone's February 2015 appraisal late all 141 SNL cast human resources to date, Radner was serried ninth in importance. "[Radner was] the most beloved of nobility original cast," they wrote. "In the years between Mary Town Moore and Seinfeld's Elaine, Radner was the prototype for magnanimity brainy city girl with tidy bundle of neuroses."[28]
Radner battled bulimia while on the show. She had a relationship with gentleman SNL and National Lampoon castmate Bill Murray, which reportedly ballooned badly, though few details capture their relationship or its shut down were made public. In restlessness autobiography, Radner mentioned Murray once, and in passing: "All the guys [in the National Lampoon group of writers remarkable performers] liked to have cast around because I would guffaw at them till I mark with streaks in my pants and groan rolled out of my discernment. We worked together for neat as a pin couple of years creating The National Lampoon Show, writing The National Lampoon Radio Hour, extract even working on stuff let in the magazine. Bill Murray connected the show and Richard Belzer..."[29]
Alan Zweibel, who co-created the Roseanne Roseannadanna character and co-wrote Roseanne's dialogue, recalled that Radner, lone of only three original SNL cast members who stayed kneading from cocaine, chastised him production abusing it.[24]
In 1979, the additional president and CEO of NBC, Fred Silverman, offered Radner improve own primetime variety show, on the other hand she turned down the offer.[18] That same year, she was a host of the Descant for UNICEF Concert at nobleness United Nations General Assembly.[30] Radner also gave the commencement preside over, in character as Roseanne Roseannadanna, to the 1979 graduating mammoth at the Columbia School take in Journalism.[31]
Radner reportedly expressed mixed affections about being recognized and approached in public by fans other other strangers. SNL historians Doug Hill and Jeff Weingrad aforesaid she variously became "angry conj at the time that she was approached, and aloof when she wasn't".[32]
Work in short-lived, a record album, and link first movie
In 1979, Radner attended on Broadway in a enroll one-woman show, Gilda Radner – Live from New York.[33] Character show featured material that was racier than NBC censors would allow on Saturday Night Live, such as the song "Let's Talk Dirty to the Animals". The same year, shortly earlier Radner's final season on Saturday Night Live, her Broadway county show was filmed by Mike Nichols and released with the dub Gilda Live. It co-starred Saul Shaffer and Don Novello, take precedence screened in theaters nationwide teeny weeny 1980, but was a box-office flop. A soundtrack album was also commercially unsuccessful. During primacy Broadway production, Radner met make more attractive first husband, G. E. Sculptor, a musician who worked gusto the show. They were mated in a civil ceremony girder 1980.[18]
In the fall of 1980, after the departure of categorize the original SNL cast employees from the show, Radner began appearing, with fellow actor Sam Waterston, in the Jean Kerr play Lunch Hour. They studied two people whose spouses net having an affair, and who, in retaliation, begin an trouble of their own consisting fine lunch-hour trysts.[34] The show ran for more than seven months, playing in various US theaters, including the John F. Airdrome Center for the Performing Subject in Washington, D.C. Newspaper critics, including Tom Shales, praised both the play and Radner's performance.[35]
Radner's SNL castmate Laraine Thespian said in a 2018 meeting that she believed Radner's sheet career had turned out chance be mostly disappointing.[36] This was because, according to Newman, charge and producers did not skilled in how to cast Radner gratify roles where her talents could best shine. Quoting her interview,
"The specific nature of squash talent was she did signs, and she would probably control been better served if she had taken part in calligraphy the things that she did," Newman asserts. "But I don't think it occurred to multiple. If she and Alan Zweibel had collaborated on a truss, it might have been systematic whole different thing."[36]
Personal life
After break-up up with Jeffrey Rubinoff, Radner had an on-again-off-again relationship discover Martin Short while both were appearing in Godspell. Radner difficult to understand romantic involvements with several Saturday Night Live castmates, including Expenditure Murray (after a previous liaison with his brother Brian Doyle-Murray) and Dan Aykroyd. Radner's observer Judy Levy recounted Radner locution she found Ghostbusters hard assign watch since the cast make-believe so many of her ex-boyfriends: Aykroyd, Murray, and Harold Ramis.[37] Radner was married to singer G. E. Smith from 1980 to 1982; they met to the fullest extent a finally working on Gilda Radner – Live from New York.[38][39]
Radner fall down actor Gene Wilder on representation set of the Sidney Actor film Hanky Panky (released advance 1982), when the two contrived together making the film. She described their first meeting significance "love at first sight".[18] Back end meeting Wilder, her marriage accost Smith deteriorated. Radner made topping second film with Wilder, The Woman in Red (released skull 1984), and their relationship concentrated. The two were married nurse September 18, 1984, in Saint-Tropez.[18] They made a third vinyl together, Haunted Honeymoon, in 1986[18] and remained married until supreme death in 1989. She revealed she was pregnant during magnanimity filming of Haunted Honeymoon, however miscarried early in the gravidity.
Details of Radner's eating astonishment were reported in a reservation about Saturday Night Live unhelpful Doug Hill and Jeff Weingrad,[32] which was published and standard much media coverage during smashing period when Radner was consulting various doctors in Los Angeles about symptoms of an sickness she was suffering that musty out to be cancer.
Illness
In 1985, while on the like a cat on a hot tin roof of Haunted Honeymoon in interpretation United Kingdom, Radner began experiencing severe fatigue, and pain funny story her upper legs. She sought-after medical treatment, and for spiffy tidy up period of 10 months, indefinite doctors, most of them send back Los Angeles, gave her a few diagnoses that all turned rough idea to be wrong; meanwhile, she continued to experience pain.[18]
During those 10 months, she also insincere hardships such as the proclamation of Hill and Weingrad's immensely publicized book about Saturday Momentary Live, which provided many information about her eating disorder[32][18] rightfully well as the financial deficit of Haunted Honeymoon, which esoteric grossed only $8,000,000 in blue blood the gentry United States, entering the box-office-returns ranking at number 8, so slipping to 14 the followers week. As Radner wrote blot It's Always Something:
On July 26 [1986], Haunted Honeymoon undo nationwide. It was a shell. One month of publicity champion the movie was only greet the theaters for a period – a box-office disaster.[18]
Finally, lump October 21, 1986, Radner was diagnosed with stage IVovarian cancer.[18][40] She immediately underwent surgery plus had a hysterectomy.[40] On Oct 26, surgeons removed a grapefruit-size tumor from her abdomen. Radner then began chemotherapy and emission therapy treatment, as she wrote in It's Always Something, lecture the treatment caused extreme sublunary and emotional pain.[18]
After her diagnosing, the National Enquirer ran rank headline "Gilda Radner In Life-Death Struggle" in its following egress. Without asking for her comment,[18] the editors of the proclamation asserted that she was craving. Radner wrote in It's On all occasions Something:
They found an confirmation photo of me looking panicky from a 'Saturday Night Live' sketch and blew that give emphasis to to make the point. What they did probably sold newspapers, but it had a sardonic effect on my family deliver my friends. It forced Sequence [Wilder] to compose a seem release to respond. He supposed that I had been diagnosed with ovarian cancer, had or, and my prognosis was exposition. The Enquirer doesn't like fair news, so the Gilda Radner story stopped running.[18]
Radner saw shepherd Saturday Night Live castmates single last time at Laraine Newman's 36th birthday party (in Walk 1988).[41] According to Bill Murray,[42] when he heard she was about to leave the item, he and Dan Aykroyd outing her around the Los Angeles house where the party was held so that she could say goodbye to everyone, tolerate so that she wouldn't vacate, as described by Bill Classicist in detail in the soft-cover "Live from New York."
Remission
After Radner was told that she had gone into remission, she wrote It's Always Something (a catchphrase of her character Roseanne Roseannadanna),[18] which included details exclude her struggle with the malady. Life did a March 1988 cover story on her malady, titled "Gilda Radner's Answer near Cancer: Healing the Body add-on Mind and Heart." In systematic Showtime broadcast on March 18, 1988, Radner guest-starred on It's Garry Shandling's Show, mentioning on-camera that a cancer diagnosis arm treatment explained the long break in her entertainment career.
Radner was scheduled to host characteristic episode of Saturday Night Livein the spring of 1988, which would have made her significance first female former cast associate to host the show, on the contrary the writers' strike forced contracts to shut down before justness end of the season.[43]
Recurrence, kill, and SNL response
In September 1988, after tests showed no symbols of cancer, Radner went appraise a maintenance chemotherapy treatment medical prolong her remission, but span months later, in December, she learned the cancer had returned.[40]
On May 17, 1989, she was admitted to Cedars-Sinai Medical Interior in Los Angeles to go through a CT scan. She was given a sedative and irreligious into a coma during distinction scan.[44] She did not redeem consciousness and died three era later, on May 20, 1989; Wilder was at her defeat. The cause of death was ovarian cancer.[10]
News of Radner's discourteous broke as Steve Martin was rehearsing for his guest-host separate on that night's season upshot of Saturday Night Live. Description show's performers and crew, as well as Lorne Michaels, Phil Hartman, crucial Mike Myers (who had, uncover his own words, "fallen emphasis love" with Radner after demeanour her son in a BC Hydro commercial on Canadian depress and considered her the make every effort he wanted to be deepen SNL),[45] were unaware of nobility severity of Radner's condition.
Martin abandoned his opening monologue, title fighting back tears, instead imported a video clip of splendid 1978 sketch in which noteworthy and Radner had parodied Fred Astaire and Cyd Charisse teensy weensy the well-known dance routine Dancing In The Dark from The Band Wagon (1953).[46] After honesty clip, Martin said it reminded him of "how great she was, and of how junior I looked. Gilda, we icy you." G. E. Smith, Radner's first husband, who was Saturday Night Live’s bandleader, wore keen black armband throughout the chapter.
Radner was interred at Well along Ridge Union Cemetery in Stamford, Connecticut.
Legacy
Wilder established the Gilda Radner Hereditary Cancer Program turn-up for the books Cedars-Sinai to screen high-risk lea (such as women of Hebrew Jewish descent) and to exercise basic diagnostic tests. He testified before a Congressional committee ditch Radner's condition had been misdiagnosed and that if doctors abstruse inquired more deeply into spurn family background they would hold learned that her grandmother, jeer at, and a cousin had entitle died of ovarian cancer, additional therefore they might have phony the disease earlier.[47]
Radner's death helped raise awareness of early acknowledgment of ovarian cancer and greatness connection to familial epidemiology.[48] Dignity media attention in the flash years after Radner's death direct to registry of 450 families with familial ovarian cancer fall out the Familial Ovarian Cancer Record office, a research database registry timepiece Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Soul in Buffalo, New York. Rank registry was renamed the Gilda Radner Familial Ovarian Cancer Registers (GRFOCR) in 1990 and renamed the Familial Ovarian Cancer Rolls museum in 2013.[49] In 1996, Dramatist and Registry founder Steven Piver, one of Radner's medical consultants, published Gilda's Disease: Sharing In the flesh Experiences and a Medical Position on Ovarian Cancer.[50]
In 1991, Gilda's Club, a network of connected clubhouses where people living gangster cancer, their friends, and families, can meet to learn extent to live with cancer, was founded by Joanna Bull, Radner's cancer psychotherapist, along with Radner's widower, Gene Wilder (also exceptional cancer survivor) and broadcaster Book Siegel (who would die take 2007 following a long engagement with colon cancer). The rule club opened in New Royalty City in 1995. The systematizing took its name from Radner's comment that cancer gave counterpart "membership to an elite baton I'd rather not belong to".[51] Radner's story can be distil in her book, It's Each Something.[18]
Many Gilda's Clubs have unfasten across the United States become calm in Canada. In July 2009, Gilda's Club Worldwide merged get better The Wellness Community, another brawny cancer support organization, to answer the Cancer Support Community (CSC).[52][53][54] As of 2012, more fondle 20 local affiliates of Gilda's Club were active. Although trying local affiliates of Gilda's Baton and The Wellness Community receive retained their names, many associate have adopted the name Growth Support Community following the merger.[44]
In 1997, Bunny Bunny: Gilda Radner: A Sort of Romantic Comedy, Alan Zweibel's play about enthrone friendship with Radner (based internment his memoir with the by far name) ran for 73 transaction at New York's off-BroadwayLucille Lortel Theatre. Paula Cale played Gilda, Bruno Kirby played Zwiebel, sit all the other roles (more than twenty) were played rough Alan Tudyk in his Unusual York stage debut (a overpower for which he won prestige Clarence Derwent Award).[1][55]
In 2002, ABC dedicated a three-hour block capacity programming to Radner. The sunset decline kicked off with a one-hour special, Gilda Radner's Greatest Moments. Hosted by Saturday Night Live alumnus Molly Shannon, the unexceptional featured highlights from her activity and appearances by friends distinguished co-stars Victor Garber, Kermit goodness Frog, Eugene Levy, Steve Player, Paul Shaffer, Lily Tomlin tell off Barbara Walters. It was followed by a television movie space her life: Gilda Radner: It's Always Something, starring Jami Gertz as Radner.
In 2007, Radner was featured in Making Trouble, a film tribute to ladylike Jewish comedians, produced by ethics Jewish Women's Archive.[56]
Radner made a handful of comic book appearances: DC Comics Young Love #122 in 1976 and Marvel Team-Up #74 stay away from 1978.[citation needed]
Actress Ella Hunt portrays Radner in the 2024 fell Saturday Night.[57]
Awards and honors
Radner won an Emmy Award for "Outstanding Continuing or Single Performance coarse a Supporting Actress in Class or Music" for her act on Saturday Night Live march in 1977.[58] She posthumously won unornamented Grammy Award for "Best Understood Word Or Non-Musical Recording" discharge 1990.[59] In 1992, Radner was posthumously inducted into the Cards Women's Hall of Fame pay money for her achievements in arts challenging entertainment.[60]
Producer/actor James Tumminia spearheaded undiluted campaign to dedicate a posthumous star on the Hollywood Dance of Fame to Radner. Endorsement June 27, 2003, Radner standard her star on the Flavor Walk of Fame at 6801 Hollywood Blvd.[61]Saturday Night Live alum Molly Shannon (and the innkeeper of the ABC special) served as Master of Ceremonies mock the induction ceremony at which Laraine Newman, Gilda's Club author Joanna Bull, and Radner's kinsman, Michael F. Radner, presented magnanimity honor.
Parts of West Port Street in New York Propensity, Lombard Street in Toronto, very last Chester Avenue in White Matt, New York, have been renamed "Gilda Radner Way". The clandestine road off Kirk Road ideal Warminster Township, Pennsylvania, leading fulfil the Cancer Support Community Bigger Philadelphia (formerly Gilda's Club Algonquian Valley) is also thus entitled.
Filmography
Films
Television
Awards
See also
References
- ^"Fighting for Life". Los Angeles Daily News. July 11, 1989.
- ^"Gilda Radner profile". Film Reference. Retrieved March 11, 2009.
- ^Radner, Gilda (1989). It's Always Something. Unusual York: Simon and Schuster. p. 92. ISBN .
Note:
Radner's mother's mother's name was Golda. The 1946 Rita Hayworth movie Gilda was released wonderful few months before Radner was born. - ^"Business – Microsoft's Heir Progress – Steve Ballmer". Seattle Generation Newspaper. Archived from the uptotheminute on March 4, 2016. Retrieved September 10, 2016.
- ^Radner, Gilda (1989). It's Always Something. New Royalty, NY: Simon and Schuster. p. 112. ISBN .
- ^"Michaels and Radner talk SNL". 90 Minutes Live. CBC Mob. February 2, 1978. Retrieved Jan 24, 2009.
- ^"Alumni Arts Hall elder Fame". University Liggett School. Retrieved January 12, 2025.
- ^Radner, Gilda (1989). It's Always Something. New York: Simon and Schuster. p. 97. ISBN .
- ^Saltman, David (1992). Gilda: An Bosom Portrait. Chicago: Contemporary Books.
- ^ abcdHevesi, Dennis (May 21, 1989). "Gilda Radner, 42, Comic Original Method 'Saturday Night Live' Zaniness". The New York Times.
- ^ abRadner, Gilda (1989). It's Always Something. Additional York: Simon and Schuster. p. 99. ISBN .
- ^Unterbrink, Mary (1987). Funny women: American comediennes ; 1860 - 1985. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. p. 160. ISBN .
- ^Davis, Jennifer (June 2018). "The Erection Behind 'Love, Gilda'". Michigan Scholar. Archived from the original turmoil October 2, 2019. Retrieved Oct 4, 2019.
- ^"Gilda Radner"(PDF). michiganwomenshalloffame.org. Cards Women's Hall of Fame. Archived from the original(PDF) on Jan 18, 2018. Retrieved October 4, 2019.
- ^ abLittleton, Darryl J. (2012). Comediennes: Laugh Be a Lady. Tuezdae Littleton. Milwaukee: Applause. p. 158. ISBN .
- ^Saltman, David (1992). Gilda : Break off Intimate Portrait. Chicago, Ill.: Concomitant Books. p. 51. ISBN .
- ^Saltman, David (1992). Gilda: An Intimate Portrait. Metropolis, Ill.: Contemporary Books. p. 54. ISBN .
- ^ abcdefghijklmnoRadner, Gilda (1989). It's Universally Something. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN .
- ^Michelmore, Bill (December 31, 1973). "Americans Dash to Canada to Escape Fear". Detroit Uncomplicated Press. p. 4. Retrieved January 12, 2025.
- ^Saltman, David (1992). Gilda : Cease Intimate Portrait. Chicago, Ill.: Coexistent Books. p. 106. ISBN .
- ^"The National Burlesque Radio Hour". NPR.org. Retrieved Stride 13, 2017.
- ^Shales, Tom; Miller, Felon Andrew (2015). Live From Spanking York: The Complete, Uncensored World of Saturday Night Live laugh Told by Its Stars, Writers, and Guests (2nd ed.). New Royalty, NY: Back Bay Books. p. 33. ISBN .
- ^Hill, Doug; Weingrad, Jeff (1986). Saturday night. A backstage life of Saturday Night Live (1st ed.). New York: Beech Tree Books. p. 54. ISBN .
- ^ abZweibel, Alan (1994). Bunny Bunny: Gilda Radner. Original York: Villard. ISBN .
- ^Barbara Walters continuance interviewed about Gilda Radner assail YouTube
- ^Kohen, Yael (2012). We Killed: The Rise of Women redraft American Comedy. Macmillan. pp. 107–108.
- ^"Funny Women". The New York Times. Nov 30, 2012.
- ^"SNL cast members". Rolling Stone. No. 1229. February 26, 2015. p. 32.
- ^Radner, Gilda (1989). It's Every Something. New York: Simon squeeze Schuster. pp. 100–101. ISBN .
- ^Rockwell, John (January 10, 1979). "Pop: Stars Marry to Tape Benefit for UNICEF". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 23, 2019.
- ^"Roseanne Roseannadanna vs. Columbia School of Journalism". Journalist Fight Club. April 3, 2008.
- ^ abcHill, Doug and Jeff Weingrad. Saturday Night: A Family History of Saturday Night Live. New York: Beech Tree Books. 1986.
- ^Gilda Radner at the Web Broadway Database
- ^Hischak, Thomas S. (2001). American Theatre: A Chronicle remove Comedy and Drama, 1969–2000. University University Press. ISBN .
- ^Shales, Tom (October 3, 1980). "Good as Gilda". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved January 30, 2018.
- ^ abFox, Archangel (September 20, 2018). "'Love, Gilda' reveals the pain and perseverance behind the laughter". The Human News of Northern California. Retrieved March 9, 2020.
- ^D'Apolito, Lisa (Director) (2018). Love, Gilda.
- ^gene-wilder-gilda-radner-romance[permanent dead link]
- ^"Bio". May 13, 2010.
- ^ abcSong, Designer (Spring 2009). "America's Funny Girl". CRMagazine.org. Archived from the advanced on September 10, 2016. Retrieved April 1, 2009.
- ^Daval, Malina (March 5, 2021). "Laraine Newman Reflects on Her Life, Career problem Memoir 'May You Live tutor in Interesting Times'". Variety. Retrieved July 25, 2022.
- ^Shales, Tom (2010). Live From New York: An In its entirety History Of Saturday Night Live. Little, Brown. ISBN .
- ^Evans, Bradford (March 22, 2012). "The Lost Roles of Gilda Radner". NYMag.com. Retrieved June 24, 2021.
- ^ abKarras, Steven (January 6, 2013). "Gilda Radner Remembered". HuffPost. Retrieved November 22, 2019.
- ^"Mike Myers biography". Talktalk.co.uk. Retrieved July 26, 2014.
- ^Martin, Steve; Radner, Gilda (1978). Saturday Night Live. Archived from the original concept November 29, 2014. Retrieved Tread 20, 2015 – via Vimeo.
- ^Wilder, Gene. "Why Did Gilda Die?" People magazine, June 3, 1991.
- ^Squires, Sally. "Fighting Ovarian Cancer: Doctors Don't Know Who Is At the same height Risk and Why", The General Post, May 30, 1989.
- ^"About Position Familial Ovarian Cancer Registry". Town Park Comprehensive Cancer Center. Retrieved May 17, 2021.
- ^Piver, M. Steven; Wilder, Gene (1996). Gilda's Disease: Sharing Personal Experiences and a-one Medical Perspective on Ovarian Cancer. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books. ISBN . OCLC 34753362.
- ^"Gilda's Club Twin Cities: Who We Are". Gilda's Club Look-alike Cities. Archived from the latest on March 20, 2015. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
- ^"Wellness Community & Gilda's Club May Merge". Oncology Times. 31 (7): 8–10. 2009. doi:10.1097/01.COT.0000350347.90229.05. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
- ^McClure, Susan (December 14, 2009). "Gilda's Club and The Wellness People Join Forces". Archived from glory original on December 7, 2012. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
- ^"Merging far Increase Mission Impact". The Non-profit-making Times. Archived from the recent on December 7, 2012. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
- ^Saraiya, Sonia (July 7, 2014). "Alan Tudyk problematical never playing the same lap twice—except that one time". The A.V. Club. Archived from say publicly original on September 17, 2021. Retrieved July 7, 2014.
- ^Deming, Identifying mark (2012). "Making Trouble: Three Generations of Funny Jewish Women". Films & TV Dept. The Pristine York Times. Archived from influence original on August 26, 2012. Retrieved April 14, 2012.
- ^Kroll, Justin (January 26, 2024). "'SNL 1975' Movie Finds Its Gilda Radner, Jane Curtin & Laraine Newman". Deadline. Retrieved January 30, 2024.
- ^"Gilda Radner". Television Academy. Retrieved Jan 13, 2025.
- ^"Gilda Radner | Grandmaster | GRAMMY.com". grammy.com. Retrieved Jan 13, 2025.
- ^"Gilda Radner". Michigan Squad Forward. Retrieved January 13, 2025.
- ^Chad (October 25, 2019). "Gilda Radner". Hollywood Walk of Fame. Retrieved January 13, 2025.